Low Circulation of Schistosoma haematobium x Schistosoma bovis Hybrid Species both in Perennial and Seasonal Schistosomiasis Transmission Areas in Senegal
1 EMR MINES Maladies Infectieuses, Négligées et Emergentes au Sud, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Campus International Institut de Recherche pour le Développement-Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Hann BP 1386, Dakar, Sénégal
2 Aix Marseille Université, Service de Santé des Armées, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, RITMES, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
3 Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar BP 5005, Sénégal
4 Département de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences de la Santé, Université Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis BP 234, Sénégal
5 IHU Mediterranean Infection, 19-21 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
* Corresponding author: (F.T.); (S.D.); Tel.: +221-77-516-54-85 (S.D.)
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 19 Aug 2024 / Accepted: 28 Nov 2024 / Published: 23 Dec 2024
Abstract
Background: In Northern Senegal, previous studies have shown a high occurrence of Schistosoma haematobium x S. bovis hybrids. This study aimed to update their circulation in perennial and seasonal transmission areas. Methods: Schistosoma eggs were collected in 2021 from 118 positive urine samples from 6- to 16-year-old children in the villages of Thiagar and Ndiathene, where schistosomiasis transmission is perennial, and in Niakhar and Khombole, with seasonal transmission. Dra1 Real-time PCR and RD PCR targeting mitochondrial (COX1) and nuclear DNA (ITS2) followed by sequencing were performed to characterize individual parasites. Results: Of the 1176 eggs obtained, only 998 with less than 33 ct at the Dra1 test were selected for RD PCR. Among these, 997 (99.9%) and 1 (0.1%) exhibited, respectively, S. haematobium and S. bovis patterns. Among the 998 COX1 amplicons, we obtained 997 sequences (99.9%) of S. haematobium and 1 (0.1%) of S. bovis (Ndiathene). Of the ITS2 sequences analyzed, 21 (2.1%) showed an S. haematobium x S. bovis hybrid sequence from Central Senegal. The complete genetic profiles showed that 976 (97.8%) and 22 (2.2%) sequences were S. haematobium and S. haematobium x S. bovis. Conclusion: Overall, hybrid prevalence was low and, for the first time, the circulation of S. haematobium x S. bovis hybrids was reported in human populations in Central Senegal. The prevalence of hybrids in the north is low compared with previous studies. The mapping of hybrid strains reinforces our knowledge of their circulation in Senegal.
Keywords: schistosome hybrids; COX1/ITS2; perennial/seasonal transmission; Senegal
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CITE
Thiam, F.; Sow, D.; Ranque, S.; Gaye, P.M.; L’Ollivier, C.; Parola, P.; Diamanka, A.; Doucoure, S.; Sokhna, C. Low Circulation of Schistosoma haematobium x Schistosoma bovis Hybrid Species both in Perennial and Seasonal Schistosomiasis Transmission Areas in Senegal. ajpme 2024, 2, 16.
Thiam F, Sow D, Ranque S, Gaye PM, L’Ollivier C, Parola P, Diamanka A, Doucoure S, Sokhna C. Low Circulation of Schistosoma haematobium x Schistosoma bovis Hybrid Species both in Perennial and Seasonal Schistosomiasis Transmission Areas in Senegal. African Journal of Parasitology, Mycology and Entomology. 2024; 2(2):16.
Thiam, Fatou; Sow, Doudou; Ranque, Stephane; Gaye, Papa M.; L’Ollivier, Coralie; Parola, Philippe; Diamanka, Arfang; Doucoure, Souleymane; Sokhna, Cheikh. 2024. "Low Circulation of Schistosoma haematobium x Schistosoma bovis Hybrid Species both in Perennial and Seasonal Schistosomiasis Transmission Areas in Senegal." ajpme 2, no. 2: 16.
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